Relação entre agenesia dental e alterações morfológicas radiculares nos incisivos superiores: um estudo de caso controle

Abstract

Tooth agenesis is an anomaly identified by the congenital absence of permanent teeth and is often associated with other dental anomalies. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the root morphology of upper incisors and tooth agenesis in non-syndromic patients. This is a retrospective observational study, of the case-control type (1:2), in which a sample of 4,990 suitable radiographic examinations, matched by sex and age, were evaluated. Periapical and panoramic radiographs, reports and intraoral photographs, when presented, were carefully evaluated by three professionals previously trained in the diagnosis of tooth agenesis and root morphological evaluation of the upper incisors. The case group (n=79) included patients with non-syndromic tooth agenesis and the control group (n=158) included patients without agenesis and without anomalies. To perform the statistical analysis, Stata software version 18, conditional logistic regression and Odds Ratio were used. The chance of having a normal root in those with agenesis was 88% lower compared to patients who did not have agenesis. However, the chance of having a blunt root and a pipette-shaped root was, respectively, 7.53 times and 15.52 times greater in those who had agenesis compared to those who did not. The current study demonstrated that individuals with tooth agenesis have an increased tendency to present morphological changes in the roots of the upper incisors.

Keywords: Anodontia. Dental Radiography. Incisor. Root Resorption. Tooth Abnormalities.